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安规的工作,我个人觉得,更重要的是利用自己对于安规的理解,实际贯彻到产品的设计过程中去。此贴是我之前做到一个分析报告。用于设计工程师的培训。但是,感觉还是有很多遗漏,例如关于快速熔断和慢熔断,延时熔断到选择依据等等。发上来供大家完善评阅。4 {& |8 W+ _5 K1 \
如下为引用标准GB4706.1—1998的内容,当熔断器的设置,是为了当模拟电子线路非正常测试时起保护作用的情况,熔断器应当按照如下进行考核,判断的条件为 “电路被充分保护”& g! D8 M* {6 Y2 g8 d
If the safety of the appliance under any of the fault conditions depends on the operation of a- O, |* T4 k& `7 ]- d
miniature fuse-link complying with IEC 60127, the test of 19.12 is carried out.
; `7 d J9 W5 r; R3 W) |+ A19.12 If safety of the appliance depends upon the operation of a miniature fuse-link
J5 M0 ?% I5 d l/ bcomplying with IEC 60127 during any of the fault conditions specified in 19.11.2, the test is8 h2 c7 ?" K9 O4 e- b# i
repeated but with the miniature fuse-link replaced by an ammeter. If the current measured/ k0 ~1 Z9 c* {* n: f
– does not exceed 2,1 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is not considered to7 Q$ ~% h& }5 T+ S B
be adequately protected and the test is carried out with the fuse-link short-circuited;
?6 Z/ C( [2 h– is at least 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is considered to be8 Y% U6 L$ x. c
adequately protected;
+ r; }# ^4 S* M$ b3 ^– is between 2,1 times and 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the fuse link is
m$ \3 |3 t" W' ^short-circuited and the test is carried out
, R* \6 ]( n4 Y6 |. {• for the relevant period or for 30 min, whichever is the shorter, for quick acting fuselinks;
z1 e1 w0 |6 {- F/ I" {• for the relevant period or for 2 min, whichever is the shorter, for time lag fuse-links.' {8 W1 H6 F) o. `( M7 g
NOTE 1 In case of doubt, the maximum resistance of the fuse-link has to be taken into account when determining
) f* l5 f7 h% m0 k' X4 m" Hthe current.: I. @. y; p8 l7 v' y" C; W3 y
NOTE 2 The verification whether the fuse-link acts as a protective device is based on the fusing characteristics
3 P$ p& y+ }4 l5 X# _: O1 }specified in IEC 60127, which also gives the information necessary to calculate the maximum resistance of the
& W" `% J) _$ O. S/ c6 efuse-link.& [& T- c+ C& \" Q
NOTE 3 Other fuses are considered to be intentionally weak parts in accordance with 19.1.
8 [4 y( F; `2 @, A0 w: h5 |分析方法如下:
8 T7 U1 i4 a5 @( n1、 明确熔断器的设置,是用于在何种电子线路故障时起保护作用;
; N6 g7 G0 o& q1 u' o% O2 V2、 计算或者测试,在单一故障发生的情况下,通过熔断器的电流; B& f, N- O2 X l
3、 测试和选择方法:3 p ~# c, Z, l3 g& O; L
1)、用电流表代替熔断器的两端,逐个模拟单一故障,记录电流表的测试值;
0 `: ^- p! v3 n8 t+ ?$ @8 c+ P2)、电流表代替时,应充分考虑电流表与熔断器电阻的差异,尽量做到两者内阻相等;
4 p- k9 _$ P" v0 b8 f3)、用电流表测得的电流值(选取模拟故障时,需要熔断器动作来保护的最小电流值),除以2.75,所得出的值为熔断器的最大额定电流;
1 N0 [2 h5 u @* ~2 [ J. d4)、熔断器的额定电流,必须大于电子线路正常工作时通过熔断器位置的电流。(考虑正常电压波动,测量正常工作电流时,输入电压为AC240V,50Hz)。, `' I5 e1 @8 l: Z/ Z( T
4、当按照测试值采用了熔断器之后,须进行验证。若模拟电子线路故障是,熔断器立即动作,则在同样条件下重复测试一次,作为薄弱位置的可靠保护确认。 s; m4 c0 L9 E
抛砖引玉,请高手完善。 |
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