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[玩具标准] ISO8124

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楼主
发表于 2012-11-3 09:11 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
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本帖最后由 哥哥在家 于 2012-11-3 09:29 编辑
  m2 E5 p. `$ z! s: V/ j. [7 t+ `: R0 ?9 \1 J' |5 H
ISO 8124-1 AMD-2 2011 Draft
* |  E2 D% G% E, EISO 8124-1 AMD-1 2011 Draft
" j" K7 C* w+ R# J. t, r7 f! u
, z+ y8 s, Y# n$ s7 p, E1 F

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沙发
发表于 2012-11-4 18:52 | 只看该作者
期待正式版! ISO 8124-1:20123 G1 W+ A; x# l# n, t5 J3 N
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/stor ... .htm?csnumber=62327
板凳
发表于 2012-11-8 16:47 | 只看该作者
更新哪些内容呀?
地板
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:51 | 只看该作者
Contents Page1 e! {4 m9 C# L$ Y+ ?0 t
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................3
2 L7 u8 R* T5 `' P4 Requirements........................................................................................................................................3
) s8 d' r6 ~* F! E4.30 Magnets and magnetic components....................................................................................................35 I/ h; S, w3 s9 h$ k1 r
4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years......................................3
5 O* k1 G2 S% N$ s( O, J! m4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years..........4
  u  r: \3 @6 y5 Test methods.........................................................................................................................................4
$ D) \) }4 `9 b: I- ~3 j5.31 Tension test for magnets......................................................................................................................53 M, F; D+ ^: {! D; U( ]
5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)..................................................................................5
& \1 w. `. ]& r& @5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component...............................................5
1 ^  Q& E% J7 S1 G5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component.............................................56 D( Y  }  w$ i/ ]& O7 H& t
5.32 Magnetic flux index...............................................................................................................................6
5 f2 v8 Z% n' Y' T2 I2 q4 Z5.32.1 Principle.................................................................................................................................................6+ @) v  ^$ Z& v0 s
5.32.2 Apparatus ..............................................................................................................................................6
/ P, S" t: Z1 p& f& @5.32.3 Procedure ..............................................................................................................................................63 d' h  R" v. }6 E, P
5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index ......................................................................................................7
* P& l1 }3 b, U, J6 Q5.33 Cycling ...................................................................................................................................................7& ^6 H, s+ e9 r" W
5.34 Impact test for magnets ........................................................................................................................7
* R7 {! G8 ~7 x9 T4 o5.35 Soaking test for magnets......................................................................................................................7
1 L+ T& r; X  K; @  _0 a; K- J1 @, h% ]B.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years ......................................................8
  R5 B+ }+ w* `8 C1 B' t8 vE.44 Magnets .................................................................................................................................................8

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 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:52 | 只看该作者
3 Terms and definitions
" K6 b8 s4 b  ~6 k# }4 xAdd the following definitions:
/ _1 l( G" M! ^1 n3.xx
) ?  A0 @3 q/ D2 K6 K0 H) Jmagnetic component! \% Q, u. d3 q! c; _/ G! T) f
any part of a toy which contains an attached or fully or partially enclosed magnet
, Y! }+ Q- E+ c3.yy' U5 K; S% U3 G3 c9 v/ C/ J' r5 t
magnetic/electrical experimental set
4 ]$ k9 w& v& _# rtoy containing one or more magnets intended for carrying out educational experiments involving both
0 A9 d$ s+ v% c" R- R6 o  Y$ ^% h6 Zmagnetism and electricity
; t! d/ z, x5 x4 C9 r! R3.zz- s& k# a5 p  u. }7 S7 z% R# |1 w
functional magnet in electrical or electronic components of toys; q3 G) F2 w! R* R
any magnet necessary for the function of motors, relays, speakers and other electrical or electronic: X$ w7 x: d5 Z( j
components in a toy where the magnetic properties are not part of the play pattern of the toy
9 k2 q6 k  ?& ~: u, x9 y/ v4 Requirements  w7 x3 @' m/ `
Add the following requirements:* A$ M( K, X( j- P. ?
4.30 Magnets and magnetic components$ o( M5 _: Y& M. z, e% g0 r- y
See Clause E.44.; \# [) T+ U+ p7 C" V' I
4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years  b5 x/ C+ S' a9 l* G" Z
Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over that contain magnetic
5 W- K, @0 ~5 q) N. ?  Mcomponents shall carry a warning (see B.2.21 for guidance) if they both:% M' z$ V* v& U- b
- have a magnetic flux index greater than 50kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested according to 5.32 (magnetic& ^" q0 U5 i& f0 R: j8 T
flux index)
* v4 Z) u) S  P- fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to clause 5.2 (small parts test)5 z; C2 m3 }4 t" B2 d& l/ p! w; ?; p- A
NOTE Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children under 8 years shall comply with the requirements in
5 d6 e6 N, M1 }3 v* K( z4.30.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets).- T& H4 S$ a0 f0 B1 r, Z6 a4 |
These requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys.
6#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 只看该作者
4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
  Q, O) |- b6 [0 [# ua) Any loose as received magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) shall either have a magnetic flux index less
9 o; z. v5 p) Y4 O! Zthan 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with 5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit
4 n4 A8 M; b" o* u! C: wentirely in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).+ ^4 e) t+ A. L3 e
b) Wooden toys, toys intended to be used in water and mouth pieces of mouth-actuated toys with magnets
2 z8 q: ?  x* c& C2 @3 G. Y" g5 jor magnetic components shall be tested in in accordance with 5.35 (soaking test for magnets) before
; q+ b9 @# ~6 s! Wbeing tested in accordance with 4.30.2 c) below.5 _3 m8 ^) B. ?( Z; \
c) The following tests shall be carried out in the prescribed order on all unique magnetic component(s). The& |, k, x7 ?5 N* x) P
components used for this testing shall not have been previously subjected to normal use and reasonably
5 J  E0 T; ~5 ]- hforeseeable abuse tests. Any magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) that become liberated from a toy, or
' m. f  s7 Y: l- }4 J0 }from a loose as received magnetic component shall either – when tested according to the tests listed
) E* a( `3 j7 G5 {0 [' u( Xbelow - have a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with
" J: g. e) Q$ U3 d2 G7 r5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to 5.2 (small parts4 S; u  j/ G4 a$ a* \0 j7 c
test).
: K4 `. a2 S/ f& c8 _4 a6 Q⎯ 5.33 (cycling)
6 v! {) J7 H  J6 i⎯ 5.24.2 (drop test) or if applicable, 5.24.3 (tip over test for large and bulky toys)5 J% b2 R: I' Y. p: J1 t$ r( H
⎯ 5.24.5 (torque test): P7 \- Q9 F& h# C
⎯ 5.24.6.1 (tension test, general procedure)1 }8 R/ y& v1 D( y
⎯ 5.24.6.2 (tension test for seams in soft-filled (stuffed) toys and beanbag-type toys), if applicable
: Q% M2 U" G3 q" j% A# b; w) d⎯ 5.34 (impact test for magnets)9 G; I' `% P6 f# G( D+ d0 u, m! \9 l4 E
⎯ 5.24.7 (compression test), for magnets that are accessible but cannot be grasped (as specified in( o* e. m' ]0 x4 h
5.24.6.1 (general procedure)6 D, X' R( g8 \! _/ W+ T. \
⎯ 5.31 (tension test for magnets))
& m- K3 h3 s- p+ WNOTES
' s# {) P1 _7 X1 t: m" ?1 Examples of unique magnetic components are rods of different sizes or shapes containing magnets.. B0 W* B4 h: G6 K
2 If the toy contains one magnet, the component holding the magnet is considered to be a unique component.
& q! E* a  g4 Q, `9 V$ r3 An example of a magnet that is accessible but cannot be grasped is a magnet that is recessed./ i5 N9 T, W! T7 d
These requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys
; }6 N2 F, B0 ~3 [2 J/ _5 Test methods
8 I8 ^  }! X6 l0 EReplace the second paragraph of clause 5.14 (impact test for toys that cover the face) with the following:
9 {$ |0 S/ ]6 Q) K2 {Drop a steel ball of diameter (16 ± 0,15) mm and mass of (16,9 ± 0,7) g from a height of (130 ± 0,5) cm onto' C0 B2 C6 t- y( J) E. E1 ~
the horizontal upper surface of the toy in the area that would cover the eyes in normal use.1 [1 y: |" v) E& W5 Q
Add the following new note to clause 5.24.1 (reasonably foreseeable abuse tests, general)9 m# n# o; g0 d9 r1 P" s8 Q
NOTE: The tests according to clause 4.30.2 are carried out in the order specified in the clause, on a toy or
, q. b* {9 E" ?* zpart of a toy that has not been previously tested according to this clause.
/ b; [) q( h! K' N7 M4 m9 i) ^Add the following test methods:+ W- c9 @' C: j
--`,`,``,,`,```,```,,````,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
7#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 只看该作者
5.31 Tension test for magnets" v: Q& |  w# _1 z3 @
See 4.30.2 c).
# O1 v& t( [5 Y) |3 h2 u5.31.1 Principle
& O4 m( I! b) X  JThese tests simulate the intended or reasonably foreseeable play pattern. It is recognized that toys may
0 y( W1 T! b- z6 \# Tcontain a single magnet or a combination of magnets, magnetic components and/or metal mating parts and) v/ S8 r1 D5 d4 i
the tests are designed to simulate a reasonably foreseeable play pattern using these components to attach0 g; O0 e. F2 R
and detach the magnetic parts.
( l. c% S5 m( P! SFor toys that contain more than one magnet/ magnetic component, the test specified in 5.31.2 (toys with
2 O5 E: f* j2 smagnet(s) or magnetic component(s)) shall be carried out unless it is not possible to perform the test without6 s: D; q* U$ o5 Y9 J, q5 K
damaging the toy. In the latter case, the test shall be carried out using the reference disk, as described in- n" a6 a% ^! k% V+ [( Q
5.31.4 (toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component)./ C, Y, o3 f4 M4 L6 x
NOTE: An example of a case where it is not possible to perform the test in 5.31.2 with magnet(s) or magnetic
: w0 q7 V- r6 O% u. T- |component(s) without damaging the toy, is a toy figurine with one accessible but non-graspable magnet in each foot.- F; R+ \- z. [: U! N8 m
Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component shall be tested according to 5.31.3 (toys
# ?2 K1 [0 J. Ythat contain one magnet only and a mating metal part).  j) ~. Y3 G5 x
Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component, shall be tested according to 5.31.4 (toys6 z) T4 ]+ g0 Q0 A. m# v
that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component), since this simulates a play pattern where the( [& i5 V& Q" b2 @/ B% u# G
toy is attached and detached to a surface that is not delivered with the toy.
  i- B# }3 L, v# d  K5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)5 }  U: B( V8 o: X( M1 W6 u$ c6 s
Identify the magnet or magnetic component in the toy that is most likely to be able to detach. The identified+ x4 P  O" t- F+ W* A
magnet or magnetic component shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.* u" A" K1 x: ^# P5 b
If it is not possible to determine which magnet or magnetic component(s) in the toy is most likely to be able to6 S& H" K" u( j+ Z/ E. v$ O
detach the magnet under test, it is permissible to repeat the test with another magnet or magnetic component7 S, `* _  p$ j
from the toy.$ U) B6 _* |9 E3 y4 K+ d
Without damaging the toy, place the magnet or magnetic component in the orientation of attraction, as close
2 `! T4 d: z/ S) u3 r. cas possible, making contact if possible, to the magnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the
8 @. `/ {' N& H9 ?magnet/magnetic component until it separates from the magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until
6 y, E8 f4 C& J' }3 G; t0 S- Dthe magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.: ]  a( Q# I) M$ n6 p
Repeat the procedure for any other magnet that in accordance with 4.31.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical* X# @: L; ^" D) |
experimental sets intended for children over 8 years) shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.6 }& j# U' K. [
5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component
0 D' K3 f: l/ @1 ]5 q  WWithout damaging the toy, place the metal components as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the; \1 L* w9 o: q# a4 ^1 n# ]" L
magnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the metal component until it separates from the3 X! U6 G  u8 b7 m0 S8 S
magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy,5 q% b$ ?+ F  t7 Q
whichever occurs first./ C% X, J' g" [5 {
5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component
$ x! R* `0 g$ E; X# k5.31.4.1 Apparatus: H( F2 ]: @/ b! ]
Nickel disc with a minimum nickel content of 99 %, and having the following dimensions:
5 [, u1 N/ v0 r) X% w; v- diameter: (30 ± 0.5) mm
: P$ E+ ~, S, ]2 {4 \$ g- thickness: (10 ± 0.5) mm
8#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 只看该作者
5.31.4.2 Procedure* W3 M' t+ D& [6 O: d' k8 r
Without damaging the toy, place the flat part of the disc as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the
$ |/ k: j4 [* I  F3 \9 Smagnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the disc until it separates from the magnet under test.( N5 F% Z% i. Q$ J1 t
Perform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.
6 Q) b5 a8 m$ M2 A5.32 Magnetic flux index, s0 o* _6 U& P* E4 o
See 4.30.1, 4.31.2 a) and c).$ t: A4 k. X# D/ N: e
5.32.1 Principle
6 ^: t9 \6 E/ g* IThe magnetic flux index is calculated based on the results from measurements of the flux density and the pole0 @! S& ~# c3 v' `1 r0 m9 W& D
surface area.' r+ _3 y0 v5 c- _
5.32.2 Apparatus2 K$ Z; G& C7 |6 |% B+ |6 r6 z, i
5.32.2.1 Direct current field Gauss meter, capable of determining the field to an accuracy of 5 G.
* {6 B5 p$ |  ]& jThe meter shall have an axial type probe with
& Q) B/ a' e1 L- an active area diameter of (0,76 ± 0,13) mm! Z  ?$ {6 \' }4 X! j& i
- a distance between the active area and probe tip of (0,38 ± 0,13) mm
& ]9 U; ^  H' c5 P5.32.2.2 Calliper, or similar device with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.4 [! `5 l9 m3 H$ l  d
5.32.3 Procedure( `1 X0 S0 h) b" z' r6 |2 K1 }
5.32.3.1 Measurement of flux density/ E8 F# {+ X/ E" k
Identify the surface of the magnet that is the pole.
! U8 Q/ l' y# @  |( y, NPlace the tip of the Gauss meter probe in contact with the pole surface of the magnet. For a magnetic
6 u+ G9 S, w* ]- L! X' Acomponent (where the magnet is fully or partially imbedded in part of the toy), place the tip of the probe in
! C# N4 f( [, E( ~% m# N$ J$ hcontact with the surface of the component.
- A% t# p" \" {7 f3 s. c! Z/ oMaintain the probe in a position perpendicular to the surface.1 \" b; V( e7 S% ^) u
Move the probe across the surface to locate the maximum absolute value of the flux density. Record the
2 E5 W) ^; X, m* kmaximum absolute value of the flux density.
; l- v- D7 V) V+ m" PNOTE Since the meter can read both negative and positive values, the absolute value is used for calculations." P1 k+ y& g. S" ]) Y$ L4 ]0 \' P, A
5.32.3.2 Measurement and calculation of the pole surface area
( i; A7 \$ E( M8 EIf the magnet is imbedded/attached as part of a magnetic component, extract the magnet from the component,' d1 g+ m2 y9 |" N0 n6 @- c0 @
even if it is necessary to break the toy.
* J+ @& B. ~4 ~3 T4 e$ yIf the pole surface of the magnet is flat, measure the dimensions with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and calculate
5 k+ G5 U( I) G% H3 U* Bthe area using the appropriate geometric formula.
; m0 }( C8 _# C, ]0 KIf the pole is not flat, (for example hemispherical) measure the maximum diameter of the magnet5 `' s5 ?- g( A' T( N& h/ ]* ?
perpendicular to an axis through the magnetic poles (see Figure XX), with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and' M/ N1 E/ W4 m
calculate the area of the corresponding cross section. For multi-pole magnets, measure and calculate the
; h6 `) r+ R0 s% Z; n# K  E+ a3 ~area of the largest single pole, which can be identified using magnetic field viewing film or equivalent.
9#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 只看该作者
NOTE An example of a multi-pole magnet is a rubberized/plastoferrite magnet, consisting of multiple strips or poles.
; S! I# n0 ~: A. ]Figure XX – Maximum diameter of magnet with a non-flat pole
) Z  w0 U; `  m  t1 dKey# A! F$ B, \5 O" ?8 z  C# t% d
1 maximum cross-section perpendicular to the axis7 f! O7 N: j9 B: t
2 axis through the magnet poles
3 f! N, _+ _' X5 Y: L' G, s: w" h. C% ~5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index" ^- F! D, b2 G0 p' A+ V& a5 t
The flux index (kG2mm2) is calculated by multiplying the calculated area of the pole surface (mm2) of the
! h3 V! W. h( q  D( Y) qmagnet by the square of the maximum flux density (kG2).
' @1 N% C. P5 f2 v( j1 ^  A5.33 Cycling
( W! v+ Q( b5 {4 c. p- BSee 4.32.2 c).
$ o* @( f* J# r0 i, g  n2 ?Ten cycles as described below, shall be performed on the as-received magnet(s) or magnetic component(s).
6 ?( n9 X( @$ ?, [The magnet or magnetic component shall be brought together to a distance that initiates magnetic attraction,2 @7 A' L/ v! Z  e& E4 U  u4 h
be released, and then pulled apart to the distance where magnetic attraction ceases. Each attachment and) _0 n5 e# ], u! |: F
detachment shall count as one cycle. If no other magnets or magnetic components are provided with the toy,% g) c+ u" B; F# [
the mating metal part or surface, according to the toy’s intended play pattern, shall be used for cycling
- n/ @! @8 D2 ^4 Tpurposes. If no other metal parts or surfaces are provided with the toy, the apparatus described in 5.31.4 shall+ \" `! T  E9 @, W" k6 J
be used for cycling purposes.5 Q) R# v3 ^3 I! t$ m' Z1 W
5.34 Impact test for magnets, b$ X' p, |0 E( Z8 X) e
See 4.32.2 c).. V, N9 n' l  M8 A2 w% ]
Place the relevant component of the toy in the most onerous position on a plane horizontal steel surface and
5 b& @1 v( |2 o8 Edrop a metallic weight with a mass of (1 ± 0,02) kg, distributed over a diameter of (80 ± 2) mm, through a- }2 e1 b; Z0 {: u: P' |
distance of (100 ± 2) mm onto the toy.
; v/ Y: p- e) y5 p# SDetermine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely in the cylinder when tested in
+ D* ?3 A# m8 {# l/ j  Daccordance with 5.2 (small parts test).4 R0 b# O+ h/ n! Q) Q
5.35 Soaking test for magnets% h- O9 D) b! v5 V) W8 Q, x/ i5 x/ X
See 4.30.2 b).
' R7 j/ n  M" \3 K; E3 lSubmerge the toy or toy component completely in a container of demineralised water at a temperature of (20
6 F4 }  S* a5 U& w& C% V4 j3 f+ i- q± 5) °C for 4 min. Remove the toy, shake off the excess water and keep the toy at room temperature for 10
  z, ]* n9 x/ y% u( X2 q! Cmin.
4 Q! J% Z% V" U--`,`,``,,`,```,```,,````,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
10#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 只看该作者
Perform the soaking test for a total of four cycles.8 S! ^1 m  U' z
Immediately after the last cycle, determine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely3 D, ~, O& _, ^- C0 S+ B
in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).
, Y+ l3 G4 A1 H7 c+ kAnnex B Labelling: u5 L# p! A" T; K6 E& z
Add the following clause:
2 d& ~0 t9 A6 A8 l: B5 C2 TB.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years
2 z6 q! Q! s: t8 y& V6 |7 p% BSee 4.30.1 and E.44)0 u( P0 \( q* P; F0 B7 I
The packaging and the instructions for use of magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 89 c" I1 P; V8 N8 `' u+ c. n
years of age or older shall carry a statement comparable or similar to the following.  Y/ ^# A3 V7 L' ^
“WARNING! Not suitable for children under 8 years. This product contains (a) small magnet(s).
7 [0 D$ D- x1 Z5 ~- S: hSwallowed magnets can stick together across intestines causing serious infections and death. Seek
+ ~2 C3 m" X  O. J2 Y3 f# cimmediate medical attention if magnet(s) are swallowed or inhaled.”  {" F$ x/ \: `+ w  K1 E
Annex E Rationale
' i% w1 \% j9 Y7 E" M& A2 I* nAdd the following clause:
/ Z# @  L* s( c( n4 q2 M1 NE.44 Magnets- z5 X$ }) @2 b; n5 N4 k
See 4.30.
+ ^( V2 k- Z* y5 mThese requirements are intended to address the hazards associated with ingestion of strong magnets (e.g.5 L( O. F4 E8 L9 D8 N
neodymium iron boron type magnets (“NIB”)), that are capable of causing intestinal perforation or blockage.5 v. J  t" M" r- m' I  N) {
These hazards are additional to those associated with small parts such as suffocation or asphyxiation (see
! ?7 _  q  C7 d/ h' F! P2 {E.6). These requirements apply regardless of the age of the intended user.7 ^7 \) x8 ?: U3 r
Magnets found by children can be ingested. If more than one magnet, or one magnet and a ferromagnetic
% d8 X) P9 P: I9 h, _object (for example an iron or nickel object) is ingested, the objects can attract each other across intestinal$ W& F. Y3 d6 K: T0 o. z
walls and cause perforation or blockage, which can cause severe injuries that may be fatal.& w" G# `) n. u7 z0 a8 Y
Multiple incidents, including at least one fatality, have been reported involving ingestion of magnets resulting& `- W7 c* v  I* w) w
in perforation or blockage of the intestines. These incidents have involved children younger and older than 3
: v) k7 G5 `# M  Myears of age. Medical signs associated with intestinal perforation or blockage can easily be misinterpreted2 O1 B' d8 x$ H; O
since many children exhibit only flu-like symptoms. Such misinterpretations have caused delays in the medical) S, \7 r& f& ^$ a/ ^; @
treatment and led to serious consequences for children.4 |) P2 n" }/ v. _) P$ i5 f4 D9 y
For the purpose of this standard, magnets or magnetic components that could be ingested are identified using
5 `, H7 n! P, ]( rthe small parts cylinder. The small parts cylinder was originally designed to identify small parts in toys; v# o% z. e" ~/ g
intended for children under 3 years of age, which are capable of causing suffocation or asphyxiation. It was! w- _3 G- S8 V! F# e, O
not designed for identifying objects that can be ingested by older children. The decision to use the small parts1 P7 i7 ^4 f, i- _
cylinder also for assessment of magnets or magnetic components that can be ingested was made for practical7 a8 \$ W# ]# k9 w5 c
reasons: The cylinder is a well known test template and it provides a safety margin since the magnets and1 z" h$ I* b& a$ {( N5 }
magnetic components that have been involved in incidents all fit into the cylinder with a large margin. This2 k1 M% n' i. Q- q  Z( a, N0 U1 y
same principle has been applied in the requirements for expanding materials.
7 ~' I6 E  w3 Y& F4 zThe risk of magnets attracting each other across intestinal walls is a function of magnet strength. A limit value
1 C" R& {2 q* q) \- F: lin the form of a magnetic flux index has been introduced to define what a sufficiently weak magnet is. Analysis
& [5 s4 ?" c8 C1 q0 S* E1 M; eof the data indicates that only the small, powerful NIB type magnets have been involved in the known
$ z2 b$ g) \! Q: t: @incidents. Further analysis has determined that magnets with a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5" p0 ~5 Y/ B# m3 ~1 W3 _0 j
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