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安规的工作,我个人觉得,更重要的是利用自己对于安规的理解,实际贯彻到产品的设计过程中去。此贴是我之前做到一个分析报告。用于设计工程师的培训。但是,感觉还是有很多遗漏,例如关于快速熔断和慢熔断,延时熔断到选择依据等等。发上来供大家完善评阅。
9 t$ U4 I) W% r$ t3 C4 r如下为引用标准GB4706.1—1998的内容,当熔断器的设置,是为了当模拟电子线路非正常测试时起保护作用的情况,熔断器应当按照如下进行考核,判断的条件为 “电路被充分保护”
: Z6 L/ b m& t4 E: J1 o( wIf the safety of the appliance under any of the fault conditions depends on the operation of a
. r2 B% q, F3 ^( T! @3 S" eminiature fuse-link complying with IEC 60127, the test of 19.12 is carried out." Q6 }- {8 h; B( n
19.12 If safety of the appliance depends upon the operation of a miniature fuse-link8 @' X0 {7 U* D
complying with IEC 60127 during any of the fault conditions specified in 19.11.2, the test is7 i% k, N1 ?" g
repeated but with the miniature fuse-link replaced by an ammeter. If the current measured
2 |- Y4 H$ A/ S– does not exceed 2,1 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is not considered to7 I4 P& h% I* a2 d
be adequately protected and the test is carried out with the fuse-link short-circuited;$ o) \* p1 B! h$ x
– is at least 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the circuit is considered to be
D; C5 i _# k- h' U6 Jadequately protected;
6 M) ?1 H2 r- M– is between 2,1 times and 2,75 times the rated current of the fuse-link, the fuse link is
5 I% I- m; r% p! z, ~, D1 Oshort-circuited and the test is carried out1 w3 |! e5 E3 F* H
• for the relevant period or for 30 min, whichever is the shorter, for quick acting fuselinks;; @# q. k' {( d8 s% n0 y! f- I
• for the relevant period or for 2 min, whichever is the shorter, for time lag fuse-links.3 z& u! H" M, }( p: X! v
NOTE 1 In case of doubt, the maximum resistance of the fuse-link has to be taken into account when determining
8 }) W( g" s7 K8 a9 s* uthe current.3 C5 ]8 G* O/ x" i$ M$ {
NOTE 2 The verification whether the fuse-link acts as a protective device is based on the fusing characteristics
0 R v( o" `& ~3 \. F( sspecified in IEC 60127, which also gives the information necessary to calculate the maximum resistance of the
$ w/ }4 u- \/ a) z6 m* X! gfuse-link.- |" D$ K1 q+ R$ _* f
NOTE 3 Other fuses are considered to be intentionally weak parts in accordance with 19.1.7 d5 h! |* o6 G1 Y
分析方法如下:3 h! w* h |3 E# U( l! ^+ y
1、 明确熔断器的设置,是用于在何种电子线路故障时起保护作用;
. U/ f& x; s1 ~5 I2 Y) y2、 计算或者测试,在单一故障发生的情况下,通过熔断器的电流;
' |+ l+ S) B8 w0 }9 x6 z3、 测试和选择方法:
- x' @: M6 ]" |5 e1)、用电流表代替熔断器的两端,逐个模拟单一故障,记录电流表的测试值;
4 l3 a! f8 E+ I# ?# Q% n3 G$ c2)、电流表代替时,应充分考虑电流表与熔断器电阻的差异,尽量做到两者内阻相等;: }* ?/ S0 t$ |: N7 ]' h
3)、用电流表测得的电流值(选取模拟故障时,需要熔断器动作来保护的最小电流值),除以2.75,所得出的值为熔断器的最大额定电流;
, \/ V5 X* O+ r$ l8 b4)、熔断器的额定电流,必须大于电子线路正常工作时通过熔断器位置的电流。(考虑正常电压波动,测量正常工作电流时,输入电压为AC240V,50Hz)。 ~* ]0 n$ f: w% i4 D& L! h
4、当按照测试值采用了熔断器之后,须进行验证。若模拟电子线路故障是,熔断器立即动作,则在同样条件下重复测试一次,作为薄弱位置的可靠保护确认。! k4 g# x# _" `4 C8 B, j L
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