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The Purpose of the Handbook and the Commentary1 h z0 l! N3 N9 e
The underlying premise of the Handbook is that safety must be designed into and built into consumer products in the United States in conformance with the requirements of product safety systems planned, established, and implemented at the direction of executive management. The Handbook identifies the elements of a comprehensive system approach to manufacturing safe products.
& e, l: y7 V/ M( e5 N. fThis Handbook has been developed and provided as a public service by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). The CPSC is the U.S. government agency responsible for the safety of consumer products in the United States. The CPSC fulfills this role through issuing mandatory product safety standards, as well as through working cooperatively with industry to develop numerous consensus (also called voluntary) safety standards. In addition, the Commission monitors consumer product-related injuries and deaths, and works with companies to recall defective products from the marketplace.
2 q2 S8 p1 y1 U9 o1 }% a- {The Commentary was developed for use by persons in industry who are implementing or planning to implement the Handbook. The term "manufacturing" is used throughout this publication as inclusive of all operations from design through production and distribution.
# S) P5 d4 O) ?Persons and organizations implementing the Handbook need background information regarding the rationale of its concepts as well as suggestions and ideas for its implementation. The Commentary is a response to that need. It is intended to help industry establish product safety systems as an integral part of manufacturing, thereby serving the interests of industry and the public.
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! n* G) F4 q$ f$ W3 s ^《手册》及《解说》的目的
' c+ w1 m \: \7 b, j4 _ a8 A5 g本《手册》的前提思想是,在美国,在设计和制造消费品的过程中就必须把安全性考虑进去,以符合在高层管理指导下所计划、建立并且贯彻执行的产品安全系统的各种要求。本《手册》指出了全面而系统地制造安全产品的所需要素。
* l$ P: N* B8 t( l本《手册》由美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC) 作为公共服务而撰写并提供的。CPSC是美国政府- ^ E P: S$ v- Z5 b3 n
负责美国消费品安全的机构,它负责发布强制性产品安全标准,同时也通过与产业界的合作制订各种的共识性(也叫做自愿性) 安全标准。此外,委员会还负责监督与消费品相关的伤害与死亡案例,并与有关公司合作从市场上召回有缺陷的产品。" ^6 } A2 N2 j g: d9 U
《解说》是专门为工业界内负责实施或计划实施本《手册》的人士撰写并供他们使用的。“制造” 在本出版物中包含从设计、生产至销售的所有工作。6 v9 k$ E6 h* y) W0 F8 E
实施本《手册》的人士和机构需要了解本《手册》的概念的基本原理以及实施的建议和想法所依据的背景信息。《解说》就是针对这一需要而撰写的,其目的在于帮助工业界把产品安全系统作为制造过程的一个不可分割的部分去建立,从而符合工业界以及公众的利益。 |
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