DSH 438 Determination of voltage at loudspeaker terminals

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DSH 438 2 z+ Y8 r- R6 D2 ~9 b

Determination of voltage at loudspeaker terminals * `# C. u0 u4 \: j) E7 O; W

4.2.4 0 F$ H4 v$ S1 c& I. ~5 r

60065(ed.6)

# b2 J- A- Q6 H, yStandard(s):
IEC 60065:1998 6th edition.
4 u& Z3 a7 v; z" N- uSub clause(s):
3 L6 d6 C$ d: u7 J5 j, v/ ^4.2.4
0 N, g4 \1 T2 ?2 R8 rSheet No.
438
Subject:
9 k) G0 F/ s6 Y' s1 X5 X1 m& a+ TDetermination of voltage at
loudspeaker terminals
Key words:
/ P, B1 C, A, N! o6 Q4 _7 X7 J* D- Terminals
+ a3 X- D) ]" K9 C$ g- Loudspeakers
; ^8 Y( ]( Q; \) k1 e# W% E; _- Non-clipped output power
Decision taken at the 39th
4 [2 V* P; `) ^4 ^: L7 vmeeting 2002
Question:
Is the apparatus to be operated in a way as to deliver one-eighth of the NON-CLIPPED OUTPUT
( d1 c9 a/ L" UPOWER to the RATED LOAD IMPEDANCE also for the alternative test method described in
! N0 H4 w$ f6 e& l0 Jparagraph 3 of clause 4.2.4(a)?
6 ]0 Z& @( Z# Y+ V5 vRationale:
The first paragraph of clause 4.2.4(a) requires the apparatus to be operated as to deliver one-eighth of the
NON-CLIPPED OUTPUT POWER to the RATED LOAD IMPEDANCE.
WHEN determining whether a part or terminal contact is hazardous live acc. to 9.1.1 and 11.1, at the
+ L( A5 s' B3 V9 R6 g) h& cmanufacturer's option the apparatus may also be operated in such a way as to deliver the NON-CLIPPED
OUTPUT POWER to the RATED LOAD IMPEDANCE using a 1 kHz signal
$ P( p4 Z9 x4 T1 {6 @- gIn the 6th edition, the use of sine waves as an alternative for noise signals was introduced, for the purpose
" b$ p: e( S; Q) e  H4 yof output voltage measurement, because the NON-CLIPPED output power was already defined in terms of
1 ]* x3 l1 ?& }/ a/ ya 1 kHz sine wave. The intent was to permit easy and reproducible measurement of the output voltage ,
6 ]: \, M9 F9 F% C' rwithout switching to the noise signal.
7 y" A; O3 X8 w) C  n( XAlso, it was intended to permit use of the sine wave for the Heating Test, where results would be equivalent
( V6 j6 Y" y$ _8 X1 t! U4 sto use of noise.
! {2 a; Z5 o1 x* zHowever, in case of doubt, the noise signal was to be used as the reference method.
7 ?; i& F# I6 ~. e6 d8 ]( i3 \The TC introduced the sine wave alternative in the 4th paragraph for measuring the output voltage, but did
not intend to change the voltage limit from
1 H1 t7 n% v2 |: e: z6 h4 Ba) 35V pk (25Vrms) at 1/8 max output in the 5th edition, to
7 g' @2 x+ e0 k- ?  ?- X2 db) 35V pk at max output.
" M+ ~  b; f  P+ Y* g: i+ u- TTherefore, it is quite sure that the 4th paragraph should have included the 1/8 factor which was omitted by
error. If we follow the 6th edition as written, it means that any amplifier with 25Vrms output must have
insulated output terminals marked with the "lightning flash" symbol. Clearly, this has not happened in the
* [# b# ]  W$ k9 T0 Taudio industry.
Because of the confusion introduced in the 6th edition text, this clause together with 9.1.1.1a) was rewritten
5 @0 p! M! E5 }/ \2 C* Oin the 7th edition to permit 71Vrms output on uninsulated terminals in household amplifiers at maximum
$ o) i& k' ^4 w9 poutput (equivalent to 35Vpk or 25Vrms at 1/8 max output in the 5th edition). Also, Cl. 11.1 was rewritten to
not permit higher audio output voltages under fault conditions.
Decision:
3 a& k% u9 E/ cWhen determining whether a part or terminal is hazardous live acc. to 9.1.1 and 11.1 at the
$ T, M; Z7 @" c4 c1 u6 Mmanufacturer's option the apparatus may also be operated in such a way as to deliver one-eight of
the NON-CLIPPED OUTPUT POWER for requirements of 9.1.1 and the maximum NON-CLIPPED
OUTPUT POWER for requirements of 11.1 to the RATED LOAD IMPEDANCE using a 1 kHz
signal.

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