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[玩具标准] ISO8124

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发表于 2012-11-3 09:11 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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本帖最后由 哥哥在家 于 2012-11-3 09:29 编辑 4 z1 A2 f( o: S0 {
% I' o) i6 y! O" y: Q4 ?5 N6 ?
ISO 8124-1 AMD-2 2011 Draft
% m5 `4 c) d* ]* M2 mISO 8124-1 AMD-1 2011 Draft; a5 N9 g- ?' {, v  `, |$ a2 ^
/ w& v; E2 c2 ]( X. f

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发表于 2012-11-4 18:52 | 显示全部楼层
期待正式版! ISO 8124-1:2012& @( M/ S$ O1 N2 O& O; B4 I* E
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/stor ... .htm?csnumber=62327
发表于 2012-11-8 16:47 | 显示全部楼层
更新哪些内容呀?
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:51 | 显示全部楼层
Contents Page
* `' E3 X. T# V9 {. C' S3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................3
: W7 |+ ~6 V2 i! ]( c2 n, C6 h4 Requirements........................................................................................................................................3* R. \0 A, d& E, S) T0 c' ^) W
4.30 Magnets and magnetic components....................................................................................................3
$ r" T" P. k/ X4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years......................................3: i  j  u5 j2 i7 t- B
4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years..........4' [. C  g% Z4 F* x" w' i; j( b) X
5 Test methods.........................................................................................................................................4/ h: `. o/ M1 J$ a9 p
5.31 Tension test for magnets......................................................................................................................53 p+ u9 W) O& ?9 `  P1 }
5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)..................................................................................5
- m& t& ]: ]  w5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component...............................................5
$ N3 X. Z4 v3 U! D- Y. u5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component.............................................5/ B+ Q! P! [! o7 [& C9 t
5.32 Magnetic flux index...............................................................................................................................6% C1 @% W8 n' `% x
5.32.1 Principle.................................................................................................................................................6
7 P7 ^. R0 \0 j  a  ~  g4 C; a5.32.2 Apparatus ..............................................................................................................................................6, M- W& ?! J! L4 K8 Z0 M& C1 s
5.32.3 Procedure ..............................................................................................................................................6
* Y6 b/ D' m: d* o5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index ......................................................................................................7
7 L  E4 W7 _0 \" f* ~5.33 Cycling ...................................................................................................................................................7
" T/ E( |3 e+ F. V5.34 Impact test for magnets ........................................................................................................................7; q9 U  }7 v4 Y& A0 r% T
5.35 Soaking test for magnets......................................................................................................................7
6 q1 \" K/ E; o" L: @B.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years ......................................................8: b4 _  b: Z3 V: Y2 j
E.44 Magnets .................................................................................................................................................8

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 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:52 | 显示全部楼层
3 Terms and definitions
" f) {4 |9 }" c" i& e8 w/ q$ e# LAdd the following definitions:) |2 F* @( P) o5 I# {
3.xx8 o# ^( T2 B6 w" Q  l, K1 H
magnetic component7 L: Q6 Z7 s& e3 z1 U; T! \( j
any part of a toy which contains an attached or fully or partially enclosed magnet
9 M* b1 B; d6 x4 b% l3.yy3 J; @4 l3 e) r2 a
magnetic/electrical experimental set
, m  E' T) F2 ~3 q: F* X, Qtoy containing one or more magnets intended for carrying out educational experiments involving both
+ I# l" Q3 I. h5 L' m$ pmagnetism and electricity
/ X, ]5 f8 C+ o5 T$ L, |: ~3.zz
' [( O5 \4 K3 O% [functional magnet in electrical or electronic components of toys
3 t6 ~- J0 I) v* w: o* xany magnet necessary for the function of motors, relays, speakers and other electrical or electronic
) S: |! [3 |% e5 X  k, }+ Ycomponents in a toy where the magnetic properties are not part of the play pattern of the toy
% C+ m- n. H# `6 R& M4 Z" ^; t4 Requirements
1 Q; Z4 }/ \7 {# G2 x3 y% t2 ]8 ^: nAdd the following requirements:
6 L4 M( o4 K& V! z& D* o4.30 Magnets and magnetic components* V- H( D, B6 d0 K9 u& ~8 v
See Clause E.44.+ I& y, E6 S3 e, P4 K
4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
& v- ^" {4 m6 f: t. VMagnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over that contain magnetic
; b( i/ f+ A" A+ E/ [components shall carry a warning (see B.2.21 for guidance) if they both:
- q& k8 ?( _1 h+ ]- have a magnetic flux index greater than 50kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested according to 5.32 (magnetic, v% d1 b% X( V% M) D) _" x
flux index). h" O. D- ]& p
- fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to clause 5.2 (small parts test)
) C9 c1 `3 v8 U+ p& lNOTE Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children under 8 years shall comply with the requirements in
- U' a2 s4 O4 r2 h5 t+ O4.30.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets).
0 j( _0 I6 s! `" yThese requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys.
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
2 U6 t0 K. b5 \9 R+ w0 sa) Any loose as received magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) shall either have a magnetic flux index less' }( Y  w( }* P5 C7 q) |
than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with 5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit# ]( z9 N, }4 _% \! T- a. i# T0 t# X
entirely in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).
/ W2 q( a, o5 n5 ~2 `. r! L3 nb) Wooden toys, toys intended to be used in water and mouth pieces of mouth-actuated toys with magnets
6 [" P4 r9 R! j. W4 Wor magnetic components shall be tested in in accordance with 5.35 (soaking test for magnets) before
7 x2 z* ]; w. c6 ?, vbeing tested in accordance with 4.30.2 c) below.) J. x" h* L4 u" ~! L& }, c
c) The following tests shall be carried out in the prescribed order on all unique magnetic component(s). The; j3 @2 S$ j$ g* w0 K
components used for this testing shall not have been previously subjected to normal use and reasonably$ k! W* ]  Y) x# u1 V
foreseeable abuse tests. Any magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) that become liberated from a toy, or8 _. l8 Q3 |" ~: Z6 D5 \* ?
from a loose as received magnetic component shall either – when tested according to the tests listed
: R& |( W2 S- }$ |, l+ y, Wbelow - have a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with
0 D$ q) t( J  L6 ]0 V: [5 `8 z5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to 5.2 (small parts
( ^4 J! y. V/ P3 E0 Q5 E3 dtest).
! }4 u9 p# @. |9 M⎯ 5.33 (cycling)
% q7 M0 Q3 c% t" `⎯ 5.24.2 (drop test) or if applicable, 5.24.3 (tip over test for large and bulky toys)5 s. h: Y8 P/ {9 r
⎯ 5.24.5 (torque test)
% @) N1 d' }$ B- u2 b/ `% \⎯ 5.24.6.1 (tension test, general procedure)
/ H4 ~6 p: U3 ~* N. k⎯ 5.24.6.2 (tension test for seams in soft-filled (stuffed) toys and beanbag-type toys), if applicable. \' q3 h+ g( C
⎯ 5.34 (impact test for magnets)
+ P, r5 E1 V& P" r1 t⎯ 5.24.7 (compression test), for magnets that are accessible but cannot be grasped (as specified in+ ]! ?2 Z8 ?# M0 Y
5.24.6.1 (general procedure)
8 c6 t4 V# Y: h9 {3 [⎯ 5.31 (tension test for magnets))) S# u% Y; E8 C7 S2 P) P7 m7 `
NOTES
3 _  b, h6 n8 l' e! B9 G1 Examples of unique magnetic components are rods of different sizes or shapes containing magnets.
- j! T4 \" r. m0 u2 g2 E2 If the toy contains one magnet, the component holding the magnet is considered to be a unique component.
, y, `& f" X% \3 An example of a magnet that is accessible but cannot be grasped is a magnet that is recessed.( b% @! T+ H" S
These requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys
5 J# g: a. J+ J5 Test methods8 @$ t: _4 |4 z* _
Replace the second paragraph of clause 5.14 (impact test for toys that cover the face) with the following:
$ {: v# K7 _- }2 s: tDrop a steel ball of diameter (16 ± 0,15) mm and mass of (16,9 ± 0,7) g from a height of (130 ± 0,5) cm onto, q- P/ k+ k/ m- Z6 g, N  C
the horizontal upper surface of the toy in the area that would cover the eyes in normal use.
. F0 B8 b2 U) g+ y3 j3 A: ~- x% c( ?Add the following new note to clause 5.24.1 (reasonably foreseeable abuse tests, general)& E, O1 U" r+ U7 G2 `6 D! \* N1 N
NOTE: The tests according to clause 4.30.2 are carried out in the order specified in the clause, on a toy or' T/ F1 C" a1 [2 d
part of a toy that has not been previously tested according to this clause.! G1 y' \8 m" a( |* k
Add the following test methods:$ I6 o0 x- E' I
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
5.31 Tension test for magnets
8 M- J" M. o2 j) y$ sSee 4.30.2 c).
) s) I4 P; A2 O7 E% ?5.31.1 Principle
8 u0 v) O: d6 {4 ~These tests simulate the intended or reasonably foreseeable play pattern. It is recognized that toys may
/ ]# ^* F4 U! \4 @) E# W" Icontain a single magnet or a combination of magnets, magnetic components and/or metal mating parts and8 U  E3 s- L1 Y- K
the tests are designed to simulate a reasonably foreseeable play pattern using these components to attach
1 w* O2 }" A: `& F9 iand detach the magnetic parts.
5 ^- z4 y; j: RFor toys that contain more than one magnet/ magnetic component, the test specified in 5.31.2 (toys with
8 V% F/ @4 h/ R9 k: z0 zmagnet(s) or magnetic component(s)) shall be carried out unless it is not possible to perform the test without
; T3 l: Y3 r; R+ k: L4 q7 M) edamaging the toy. In the latter case, the test shall be carried out using the reference disk, as described in
( o* j* `8 _* r$ g$ C7 |5.31.4 (toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component).+ p; w+ [0 }' K3 `/ z# K: q$ x
NOTE: An example of a case where it is not possible to perform the test in 5.31.2 with magnet(s) or magnetic+ ^4 o: m- {' h' K# O! ?
component(s) without damaging the toy, is a toy figurine with one accessible but non-graspable magnet in each foot.# E0 c$ x6 X/ T$ E
Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component shall be tested according to 5.31.3 (toys" _' f' u; s! f3 J: m/ a# J
that contain one magnet only and a mating metal part).% \, K4 U& H; z! H2 n
Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component, shall be tested according to 5.31.4 (toys' u( S5 z3 X# J1 ?) S
that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component), since this simulates a play pattern where the
; X9 J! Y  {+ T$ [0 Otoy is attached and detached to a surface that is not delivered with the toy.% M5 ]+ M/ L4 Z  I. q% P5 ^& v$ Z
5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)0 j2 C5 Z3 ]+ c) |7 B0 |) P
Identify the magnet or magnetic component in the toy that is most likely to be able to detach. The identified, J" j0 m- P7 D: R6 X7 ]7 `
magnet or magnetic component shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.
) e& j  S6 q2 C, L* ^If it is not possible to determine which magnet or magnetic component(s) in the toy is most likely to be able to
5 j3 P! p7 u% [detach the magnet under test, it is permissible to repeat the test with another magnet or magnetic component
2 _7 T9 v  [) c; _: J7 rfrom the toy.- W1 t" ]$ [9 f$ V# h8 H: y
Without damaging the toy, place the magnet or magnetic component in the orientation of attraction, as close
: {  T6 v$ U. o& k( N3 z2 {as possible, making contact if possible, to the magnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the
) w9 }; E% b5 A) J; |% Wmagnet/magnetic component until it separates from the magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until
# j8 v1 @0 J1 l, B) f# A- h1 Zthe magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.
; K+ W+ s4 A& aRepeat the procedure for any other magnet that in accordance with 4.31.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical  E2 P8 I# Z  X) b9 I4 ~7 r
experimental sets intended for children over 8 years) shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.
2 {4 o/ q& X5 i; b% n1 @; F+ T5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component
/ x5 N/ m; v, i3 Z7 HWithout damaging the toy, place the metal components as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the
0 Y, O; z. w. T. cmagnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the metal component until it separates from the% I+ o/ t  G( e* {, I; G  L
magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy,
2 D5 n3 ?! _9 P) ewhichever occurs first.
9 E  m5 g+ h/ Q* @5 ?5 @2 k5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component
8 m( o6 K3 Q2 k+ \$ I; Y5.31.4.1 Apparatus7 p, i2 |; T! \6 a9 I. t' z
Nickel disc with a minimum nickel content of 99 %, and having the following dimensions:7 Y; g8 r: P" I, Q$ Q" s# a% I
- diameter: (30 ± 0.5) mm
7 x) T( [1 z! }/ w3 s& A. B- thickness: (10 ± 0.5) mm
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
5.31.4.2 Procedure7 j$ m# G1 p# K) k3 E
Without damaging the toy, place the flat part of the disc as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the
% J: [3 R0 |2 @: q: }/ S; b+ umagnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the disc until it separates from the magnet under test.
3 |) _) K0 j9 ]$ i4 U4 T. IPerform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.7 U0 M5 }! b4 D/ `
5.32 Magnetic flux index0 ~- ]* V4 b, Y& V) }) G7 Y
See 4.30.1, 4.31.2 a) and c).2 U( ~- N9 p) u1 l1 p- `  w- O
5.32.1 Principle
3 B. d! t" i" V7 {7 b! [& b+ s  a, MThe magnetic flux index is calculated based on the results from measurements of the flux density and the pole1 X+ F1 g4 X6 J/ K6 t; \
surface area.
' e* b* e4 Y& `, M- \5.32.2 Apparatus
" z3 z7 f6 P+ {$ I& B7 P% @5.32.2.1 Direct current field Gauss meter, capable of determining the field to an accuracy of 5 G.4 g) g7 V! Z! ^& R8 b& m: ^
The meter shall have an axial type probe with) g+ R3 \$ g9 L- [! {5 z
- an active area diameter of (0,76 ± 0,13) mm
& j/ H/ \) `3 m) S7 [& a5 ^6 o- a distance between the active area and probe tip of (0,38 ± 0,13) mm: O, {) Y( ]. |& F
5.32.2.2 Calliper, or similar device with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
4 n' G, Q# |4 ?( n9 G- W5.32.3 Procedure
# ?: E4 T# g3 M4 S* l7 e" H0 h1 H5.32.3.1 Measurement of flux density
& B5 Q' X2 u5 o6 I( R3 Y+ A9 U4 O2 eIdentify the surface of the magnet that is the pole.
$ d6 t9 ~" C8 V2 I5 JPlace the tip of the Gauss meter probe in contact with the pole surface of the magnet. For a magnetic! j$ F" W+ W/ X( x( I
component (where the magnet is fully or partially imbedded in part of the toy), place the tip of the probe in7 d: w; F  ?! K8 |
contact with the surface of the component., N* @( `  \6 ]
Maintain the probe in a position perpendicular to the surface.
4 C  I. K- w2 B! ]Move the probe across the surface to locate the maximum absolute value of the flux density. Record the
6 x- p& e! R; A' J' N; Q8 F3 tmaximum absolute value of the flux density.
" h; _3 O/ X9 L# W+ ?NOTE Since the meter can read both negative and positive values, the absolute value is used for calculations.5 o8 y7 m+ V2 F  q3 G& _3 K7 O3 ?. P
5.32.3.2 Measurement and calculation of the pole surface area# e7 ?4 p0 q7 Z/ @
If the magnet is imbedded/attached as part of a magnetic component, extract the magnet from the component,
1 f* E0 e- r- F" f' a2 Peven if it is necessary to break the toy.
: p( w% x1 t  q- dIf the pole surface of the magnet is flat, measure the dimensions with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and calculate
; a+ O  K) ~& R3 I* q  A' tthe area using the appropriate geometric formula.
, _% N  L0 L' N  ?! U/ X. F: ~If the pole is not flat, (for example hemispherical) measure the maximum diameter of the magnet
2 [/ ?$ i3 Z, L) v7 `  Zperpendicular to an axis through the magnetic poles (see Figure XX), with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and
( b. I, B  D7 g+ }calculate the area of the corresponding cross section. For multi-pole magnets, measure and calculate the, j0 Z8 @- u6 n. M2 w
area of the largest single pole, which can be identified using magnetic field viewing film or equivalent.
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 显示全部楼层
NOTE An example of a multi-pole magnet is a rubberized/plastoferrite magnet, consisting of multiple strips or poles.& o  Y3 Y  G6 l
Figure XX – Maximum diameter of magnet with a non-flat pole$ u* S. S* t! U  B  e! P" H
Key/ x9 v" n$ v; ^" d' }8 l
1 maximum cross-section perpendicular to the axis
# D, N! A- A& B  l( I# G& N2 axis through the magnet poles
  ?1 L* S0 V9 F8 |8 B3 `+ j" U% O1 p5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index" E" r9 H* C' E; L9 F
The flux index (kG2mm2) is calculated by multiplying the calculated area of the pole surface (mm2) of the# }# Y, P  D  R( }' {
magnet by the square of the maximum flux density (kG2).
( O6 a" X% ^; R3 [* H# o. D5.33 Cycling8 [: k* W/ L9 ]6 b! F' O2 ]4 K
See 4.32.2 c).5 k% w) U/ t, B" }2 G$ G# q
Ten cycles as described below, shall be performed on the as-received magnet(s) or magnetic component(s).
+ N: X5 c+ J+ w0 s) j" w3 FThe magnet or magnetic component shall be brought together to a distance that initiates magnetic attraction,4 ?/ J- U) `8 N0 }( o# v
be released, and then pulled apart to the distance where magnetic attraction ceases. Each attachment and* N, n, g' o" `
detachment shall count as one cycle. If no other magnets or magnetic components are provided with the toy,1 j/ ]( A, M, @6 b& R6 Q1 l
the mating metal part or surface, according to the toy’s intended play pattern, shall be used for cycling3 K' U3 v: c0 L, A9 b& M
purposes. If no other metal parts or surfaces are provided with the toy, the apparatus described in 5.31.4 shall
2 s; i- a: [# {; @( tbe used for cycling purposes.
' q& l; n/ N, l0 f* z5.34 Impact test for magnets
* i2 g6 s% C0 ^& ?See 4.32.2 c).
$ c& N  W/ F+ M. `6 e! pPlace the relevant component of the toy in the most onerous position on a plane horizontal steel surface and8 S  [4 J9 W4 [2 m% L
drop a metallic weight with a mass of (1 ± 0,02) kg, distributed over a diameter of (80 ± 2) mm, through a. g$ w" M0 J- `3 V- `8 e/ q6 p8 q
distance of (100 ± 2) mm onto the toy.0 D5 V8 \! ^* [+ s5 y
Determine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely in the cylinder when tested in* r2 ~, ?, U* i% }% X
accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).5 W4 u! I: Z( f  G2 L& |% b
5.35 Soaking test for magnets( ^2 z7 R9 O% @" a# x0 }/ b& Q
See 4.30.2 b).7 B" }4 l* n6 C
Submerge the toy or toy component completely in a container of demineralised water at a temperature of (20
/ X8 m4 H! G: n' @1 F6 }± 5) °C for 4 min. Remove the toy, shake off the excess water and keep the toy at room temperature for 102 [- V% [7 k8 a4 h% a
min." }& O4 T' u2 o% M
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 显示全部楼层
Perform the soaking test for a total of four cycles.
4 a, f' R& l- K4 q9 g" nImmediately after the last cycle, determine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely+ B# k! ?" H5 E% N: K
in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).
. W* [5 X( z% O- c3 aAnnex B Labelling
& B( ^: Q! a. CAdd the following clause:6 E2 |4 n4 r4 e$ b! k; k% z
B.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years: ?- d5 H3 h9 b' W1 Y
See 4.30.1 and E.44)
3 ~! N1 b* N. d  Y9 kThe packaging and the instructions for use of magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8
& ]7 R# P7 [( A3 fyears of age or older shall carry a statement comparable or similar to the following.
+ Q" j5 a% K0 q“WARNING! Not suitable for children under 8 years. This product contains (a) small magnet(s).8 f8 H4 k: @* T& |
Swallowed magnets can stick together across intestines causing serious infections and death. Seek3 a' f# t$ H" l$ O
immediate medical attention if magnet(s) are swallowed or inhaled.”9 f( {2 f5 v% E% G5 l
Annex E Rationale- d5 N2 O+ w8 w# N5 ]* c
Add the following clause:
: u& W2 m/ Y) E6 Z# ^E.44 Magnets
$ P: T7 Y4 l0 h6 USee 4.30.
4 Q% I& k4 m6 D+ X+ L8 AThese requirements are intended to address the hazards associated with ingestion of strong magnets (e.g.
2 u6 ^* n  u: h  b. H4 {neodymium iron boron type magnets (“NIB”)), that are capable of causing intestinal perforation or blockage.7 Q8 [' L2 {* Q- M* R
These hazards are additional to those associated with small parts such as suffocation or asphyxiation (see
, F. P3 K( {& [; e( s  cE.6). These requirements apply regardless of the age of the intended user.
! Y3 }2 [  p: f: t9 R# _Magnets found by children can be ingested. If more than one magnet, or one magnet and a ferromagnetic
2 p, m2 m5 Q3 B! t! |# I3 H0 Robject (for example an iron or nickel object) is ingested, the objects can attract each other across intestinal
: u% m, |! P/ s" j- r4 {walls and cause perforation or blockage, which can cause severe injuries that may be fatal.
, {9 z% x, b  r" KMultiple incidents, including at least one fatality, have been reported involving ingestion of magnets resulting5 p+ o( }1 q8 u+ d1 [' T
in perforation or blockage of the intestines. These incidents have involved children younger and older than 3
; v! D( v8 J, ?years of age. Medical signs associated with intestinal perforation or blockage can easily be misinterpreted7 g( Q& n) i/ C1 V( ~4 z9 J6 G, `, j
since many children exhibit only flu-like symptoms. Such misinterpretations have caused delays in the medical7 w) E" z+ e- \% e2 V7 Z
treatment and led to serious consequences for children.: P. y. \$ G* {7 |3 G0 B
For the purpose of this standard, magnets or magnetic components that could be ingested are identified using+ Y0 V0 g; S; I4 Q
the small parts cylinder. The small parts cylinder was originally designed to identify small parts in toys, X9 I% Z5 H" q/ w9 Y/ f/ q' D
intended for children under 3 years of age, which are capable of causing suffocation or asphyxiation. It was6 S4 V/ \. y6 e3 ]" p/ N
not designed for identifying objects that can be ingested by older children. The decision to use the small parts
% s, l4 b' e! f$ w4 zcylinder also for assessment of magnets or magnetic components that can be ingested was made for practical
2 c6 X9 {( Q! C" v1 c, creasons: The cylinder is a well known test template and it provides a safety margin since the magnets and" [, p5 l" p& C, l6 y2 H1 @3 L
magnetic components that have been involved in incidents all fit into the cylinder with a large margin. This3 s- g1 X* w4 y: a( h
same principle has been applied in the requirements for expanding materials.
8 i% P9 D. i- x, z$ e; Q1 \: K" sThe risk of magnets attracting each other across intestinal walls is a function of magnet strength. A limit value
* l1 `5 |2 v& `9 K# C; L0 H: Ein the form of a magnetic flux index has been introduced to define what a sufficiently weak magnet is. Analysis
( N  O  k9 t# u# u: ]# U( hof the data indicates that only the small, powerful NIB type magnets have been involved in the known
7 Y2 z8 d8 f: c3 [8 B; [) f5 }incidents. Further analysis has determined that magnets with a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,57 k* {/ |' p, @& y2 b' Q
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